역대 노벨 문학상 수상자

[공공데이터]   

 

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■ 관련 데이터

Year	Author	Country	Notable Work(s)
1901	Sully Prudhomme	France	Stances et Poèmes, Le Bonheur
1902	Theodor Mommsen	Germany	History of Rome
1903	Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson	Norway	A Happy Boy, The Fisher Maiden
1904	Frédéric Mistral & José Echegaray	France/Spain	Mirèio (Mistral), The Great Galeoto (Echegaray)
1905	Henryk Sienkiewicz	Poland	Quo Vadis, With Fire and Sword
1906	Giosuè Carducci	Italy	Odi Barbare, Rime Nuove
1907	Rudyard Kipling	United Kingdom	The Jungle Book, Kim, If—
1908	Rudolf Christoph Eucken	Germany	The Problem of Human Life, The Meaning and Value of Life
1909	Selma Lagerlöf	Sweden	The Wonderful Adventures of Nils, Jerusalem
1910	Paul Heyse	Germany	L'Arrabbiata, The Children of the World
1911	Maurice Maeterlinck	Belgium	The Blue Bird, Pelléas and Mélisande
1912	Gerhart Hauptmann	Germany	The Weavers, The Rats
1913	Rabindranath Tagore	India	Gitanjali, The Home and the World
1914	No award (World War I)	-	-
1915	Romain Rolland	France	Jean-Christophe, Clérambault
1916	Verner von Heidenstam	Sweden	The Charles Men, A King and His Campaigners
1917	Karl Adolph Gjellerup & Henrik Pontoppidan	Denmark	Minna, Lucky Per (Pontoppidan)
1918	No award (World War I)	-	-
1919	Carl Spitteler	Switzerland	Olympian Spring, Prometheus and Epimetheus
1920	Knut Hamsun	Norway	Hunger, Growth of the Soil
1921	Anatole France	France	Penguin Island, Thais, The Revolt of the Angels
1922	Jacinto Benavente	Spain	The Bonds of Interest, La Malquerida
1923	William Butler Yeats	Ireland	The Tower, The Winding Stair, The Second Coming
1924	Władysław Reymont	Poland	The Peasants, The Promised Land
1925	George Bernard Shaw	United Kingdom	Pygmalion, Man and Superman, Saint Joan
1926	Grazia Deledda	Italy	Reeds in the Wind, Cosima
1927	Henri Bergson	France	Creative Evolution, Time and Free Will
1928	Sigrid Undset	Norway	Kristin Lavransdatter, The Master of Hestviken
1929	Thomas Mann	Germany	The Magic Mountain, Buddenbrooks, Death in Venice
1930	Sinclair Lewis	United States	Babbitt, Main Street, Arrowsmith
1931	Erik Axel Karlfeldt	Sweden	Flora and Pomona, Arcadia Borealis
1932	John Galsworthy	United Kingdom	The Forsyte Saga, Justice
1933	Ivan Bunin	Russia/France	The Village, Dark Avenues
1934	Luigi Pirandello	Italy	Six Characters in Search of an Author, One, No One and One Hundred Thousand
1935	No award	-	-
1936	Eugene O'Neill	United States	Long Day's Journey into Night, Mourning Becomes Electra
1937	Roger Martin du Gard	France	The Thibaults
1938	Pearl S. Buck	United States	The Good Earth, Sons
1939	Frans Eemil Sillanpää	Finland	Meek Heritage, The Maid Silja
1940	No award (World War II)	-	-
1941	No award (World War II)	-	-
1942	No award (World War II)	-	-
1943	No award (World War II)	-	-
1944	Johannes V. Jensen	Denmark	The Long Journey, The Fall of the King
1945	Gabriela Mistral	Chile	Desolation, Tala
1946	Hermann Hesse	Germany/Switzerland	Steppenwolf, Siddhartha, The Glass Bead Game
1947	André Gide	France	The Immoralist, The Counterfeiters
1948	T. S. Eliot	United States/UK	The Waste Land, Four Quartets, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
1949	William Faulkner	United States	The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, Absalom, Absalom!
1950	Bertrand Russell	United Kingdom	A History of Western Philosophy, Why I Am Not a Christian
1951	Pär Lagerkvist	Sweden	Barabbas, The Dwarf
1952	François Mauriac	France	Thérèse Desqueyroux, Vipers' Tangle
1953	Winston Churchill	United Kingdom	The Second World War, A History of the English-Speaking Peoples
1954	Ernest Hemingway	United States	The Old Man and the Sea, A Farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls
1955	Halldór Laxness	Iceland	Independent People, The Fish Can Sing
1956	Juan Ramón Jiménez	Spain	Platero and I, Diary of a Newlywed Poet
1957	Albert Camus	France	The Stranger, The Plague, The Myth of Sisyphus
1958	Boris Pasternak	Soviet Union	Doctor Zhivago, My Sister Life
1959	Salvatore Quasimodo	Italy	Day After Day, Life is Not a Dream
1960	Saint-John Perse	France	Anabasis, Exile
1961	Ivo Andrić	Yugoslavia	The Bridge on the Drina, Bosnian Chronicle
1962	John Steinbeck	United States	The Grapes of Wrath, East of Eden, Of Mice and Men
1963	Giorgos Seferis	Greece	Strophe, Gymnopaedia
1964	Jean-Paul Sartre	France	Nausea, Being and Nothingness, No Exit
1965	Mikhail Sholokhov	Soviet Union	And Quiet Flows the Don
1966	Shmuel Yosef Agnon & Nelly Sachs	Israel/Germany	A Simple Story (Agnon), Flight and Metamorphosis (Sachs)
1967	Miguel Ángel Asturias	Guatemala	El Señor Presidente, Men of Maize
1968	Yasunari Kawabata	Japan	Snow Country, The Master of Go, Thousand Cranes
1969	Samuel Beckett	Ireland/France	Waiting for Godot, Endgame, Malone Dies
1970	Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn	Russia	One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, The Gulag Archipelago
1971	Pablo Neruda	Chile	Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair, Canto General
1972	Heinrich Böll	Germany	The Clown, Group Portrait with Lady
1973	Patrick White	Australia	Voss, The Tree of Man, Riders in the Chariot
1974	Eyvind Johnson & Harry Martinson	Sweden	Return to Ithaca (Johnson), Aniara (Martinson)
1975	Eugenio Montale	Italy	Ossi di seppia, Cuttlefish Bones
1976	Saul Bellow	Canada/United States	Herzog, Humboldt's Gift, The Adventures of Augie March
1977	Vicente Aleixandre	Spain	Shadow of Paradise, World Alone
1978	Isaac Bashevis Singer	Poland/United States	The Slave, Gimpel the Fool
1979	Odysseas Elytis	Greece	To Axion Esti, The Monogram
1980	Czesław Miłosz	Poland	The Captive Mind, The Issa Valley
1981	Elias Canetti	Bulgaria/United Kingdom	Auto-da-Fé, Crowds and Power
1982	Gabriel García Márquez	Colombia	One Hundred Years of Solitude, Love in the Time of Cholera
1983	William Golding	United Kingdom	Lord of the Flies, The Inheritors
1984	Jaroslav Seifert	Czechoslovakia	The Plague Column, An Umbrella from Piccadilly
1985	Claude Simon	France	The Flanders Road, The Acacia
1986	Wole Soyinka	Nigeria	Death and the King’s Horseman, A Dance of the Forests
1987	Joseph Brodsky	Russia/United States	A Part of Speech, Less Than One
1988	Naguib Mahfouz	Egypt	The Cairo Trilogy, Children of Gebelawi
1989	Camilo José Cela	Spain	The Family of Pascual Duarte, The Hive
1990	Octavio Paz	Mexico	The Labyrinth of Solitude, The Monkey Grammarian
1991	Nadine Gordimer	South Africa	Burger's Daughter, July's People
1992	Derek Walcott	Saint Lucia	Omeros, The Star-Apple Kingdom
1993	Toni Morrison	United States	Beloved, Song of Solomon, The Bluest Eye
1994	Kenzaburō Ōe	Japan	A Personal Matter, The Silent Cry
1995	Seamus Heaney	Ireland	Death of a Naturalist, The Spirit Level
1996	Wisława Szymborska	Poland	View with a Grain of Sand, Nothing Twice
1997	Dario Fo	Italy	Accidental Death of an Anarchist, Mistero Buffo
1998	José Saramago	Portugal	Blindness, The Gospel According to Jesus Christ
1999	Günter Grass	Germany	The Tin Drum, Dog Years, Crabwalk
2000	Gao Xingjian	China/France	Soul Mountain, One Man's Bible
2001	V. S. Naipaul	Trinidad and Tobago/UK	A House for Mr. Biswas, In a Free State
2002	Imre Kertész	Hungary	Fatelessness, Kaddish for a Child Not Born
2003	J. M. Coetzee	South Africa	Disgrace, Waiting for the Barbarians
2004	Elfriede Jelinek	Austria	The Piano Teacher, Lust
2005	Harold Pinter	United Kingdom	The Homecoming, The Birthday Party
2006	Orhan Pamuk	Turkey	My Name Is Red, Snow
2007	Doris Lessing	United Kingdom	The Golden Notebook, The Grass is Singing
2008	J. M. G. Le Clézio	France	The African, Desert
2009	Herta Müller	Romania/Germany	The Hunger Angel, The Passport
2010	Mario Vargas Llosa	Peru	The Time of the Hero, Conversation in the Cathedral
2011	Tomas Tranströmer	Sweden	Baltics, The Great Enigma
2012	Mo Yan	China	Red Sorghum, Big Breasts and Wide Hips
2013	Alice Munro	Canada	Dear Life, The Moons of Jupiter, Runaway
2014	Patrick Modiano	France	Missing Person, Dora Bruder
2015	Svetlana Alexievich	Belarus	Voices from Chernobyl, The Unwomanly Face of War
2016	Bob Dylan	United States	The Lyrics 1961–2012, Blowin' in the Wind
2017	Kazuo Ishiguro	United Kingdom	The Remains of the Day, Never Let Me Go
2018	Olga Tokarczuk	Poland	Flights, The Books of Jacob
2019	Peter Handke	Austria	The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick, Short Letter, Long Farewell
2020	Louise Glück	United States	The Wild Iris, Averno, Faithful and Virtuous Night
2021	Abdulrazak Gurnah	Tanzania	Paradise, By the Sea, Desertion
2022	Annie Ernaux	France	The Years, A Man's Place, Simple Passion
2023	Jon Fosse	Norway	Septology, Melancholy

 

Jon Fosse (2023) is known for his modernist writing style and deeply introspective themes, particularly in Septology.

Annie Ernaux (2022) is renowned for her autobiographical approach, often focusing on personal memory and social history.

Abdulrazak Gurnah (2021) explores themes of colonialism and migration, particularly in East Africa.

Louise Glück (2020) is celebrated for her poetic voice, exploring themes of trauma, family, and nature.

Peter Handke (2019) and Olga Tokarczuk (2018) have both been controversial figures, though admired for their contributions to literature.

Kazuo Ishiguro (2017) is known for his explorations of memory, identity, and emotion through deeply human stories.

Bob Dylan (2016) was awarded for his contributions to music as literature, marking a unique and debated choice.

Svetlana Alexievich (2015) uses oral history as a powerful tool to depict Soviet and post-Soviet society.

Patrick Modiano (2014) explores memory, identity, and the legacy of World War II in France.

Alice Munro (2013) is renowned as a master of the contemporary short story, focusing on the lives of ordinary people, often in rural settings.

Mo Yan (2012) combines folk storytelling with magical realism, often examining the turbulence of 20th-century China.

Tomas Tranströmer (2011), a Swedish poet, is known for his concise, evocative imagery and exploration of the human condition.

Mario Vargas Llosa (2010) writes about the complexities of power, corruption, and social change in Latin America.

Herta Müller (2009) explores themes of oppression, displacement, and totalitarianism, particularly in Ceausescu’s Romania.

J. M. G. Le Clézio (2008) is celebrated for his depictions of cultural diversity and displacement, especially in Desert.

Doris Lessing (2007) was awarded for her portrayal of women's experiences and her critique of societal structures.

Orhan Pamuk (2006) bridges East and West in his novels, exploring Turkish identity, history, and political tensions.

Harold Pinter (2005) was known for his plays that explore existential dread, miscommunication, and the subtleties of language.

Günter Grass (1999) explored post-WWII Germany, most famously in The Tin Drum, a novel reflecting on the rise of Nazism.

José Saramago (1998) is known for his philosophical novels, often using allegory to challenge authoritarianism, as in Blindness.

Dario Fo (1997) was an Italian playwright and satirist whose works, such as Accidental Death of an Anarchist, critiqued political and social issues with humor.

Wisława Szymborska (1996), a Polish poet, was celebrated for her subtle and ironic poetry that often delves into existential themes.

Seamus Heaney (1995), an Irish poet, is known for his work reflecting on the Irish experience, particularly in Death of a Naturalist and his translations of epic works like Beowulf.

Toni Morrison (1993) focused on the African American experience, tackling issues of race, identity, and history in novels like Beloved and Song of Solomon.

Nadine Gordimer (1991), a South African writer, was awarded for her works against apartheid, exemplified by July’s People and Burger’s Daughter.

Gabriel García Márquez (1982), one of the most famous Latin American authors, is renowned for his magical realism, especially in One Hundred Years of Solitude.

Odysseas Elytis (1979), a Greek poet, is celebrated for his lyrical poetry that explores Greece's landscape, mythology, and national identity, especially in To Axion Esti.

Isaac Bashevis Singer (1978), a Polish-born Yiddish writer, explored Jewish life in Eastern Europe and the immigrant experience in the U.S., often focusing on themes of fate, faith, and free will.

Saul Bellow (1976), a major figure in American literature, wrote deeply psychological and existential novels, blending humor and philosophical inquiry, such as Herzog and Humboldt's Gift.

Eugenio Montale (1975), an Italian poet, infused his works with symbolism and modernist themes, such as in Cuttlefish Bones.

Patrick White (1973), the first Australian Nobel laureate, depicted the spiritual isolation of his characters within the vast Australian landscape in novels like Voss.

Heinrich Böll (1972), a German writer, focused on post-war Germany, examining guilt and memory in works like The Clown and Group Portrait with Lady.

Pablo Neruda (1971), one of the most beloved Latin American poets, wrote lyrical poetry that intertwined personal love with political engagement, as seen in Canto General and Twenty Love Poems.

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (1970) exposed the horrors of Soviet labor camps and repression, particularly in One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich and The Gulag Archipelago.

Samuel Beckett (1969), a seminal figure in absurdist theater, used bleak, minimalist language and settings to explore existential themes in works like Waiting for Godot and Endgame.

Yasunari Kawabata (1968) captured the subtleties of beauty, solitude, and transience in Japanese life, often reflecting on cultural contrasts in novels like Snow Country.

Miguel Ángel Asturias (1967), a Guatemalan writer, was a pioneer of magical realism in Latin American literature, with El Señor Presidente critiquing dictatorship and corruption.

Jean-Paul Sartre (1964) famously declined the Nobel Prize but is nonetheless recognized for his influential existentialist philosophy and literature, including Being and Nothingness and Nausea.

John Steinbeck (1962) focused on social justice and the plight of working-class people in novels like The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men.

Boris Pasternak (1958), a Soviet author and poet, is best known for his epic novel Doctor Zhivago, a love story set during the Russian Revolution. His writing was banned in the Soviet Union, and he declined the Nobel Prize under government pressure.

Albert Camus (1957), a French-Algerian writer and philosopher, explored absurdism and existentialism in works like The Stranger and The Plague. His essay The Myth of Sisyphus is a cornerstone of existentialist thought.

Juan Ramón Jiménez (1956), a Spanish poet, is famous for Platero and I, a lyrical prose-poem that blends realism and spiritual exploration.

Ernest Hemingway (1954) is one of the most influential American writers of the 20th century, known for his terse, economical prose and works like The Old Man and the Sea, For Whom the Bell Tolls, and A Farewell to Arms.

Winston Churchill (1953), though better known as a British statesman, received the Nobel Prize for his historical and biographical writing, including his multivolume history of WWII.

William Faulkner (1949), a Southern Gothic author, profoundly shaped modern American literature with complex narrative structures and exploration of the human psyche, particularly in The Sound and the Fury and As I Lay Dying.

T. S. Eliot (1948), an Anglo-American poet, revolutionized modernist poetry with works like The Waste Land and Four Quartets, emphasizing fragmentation, alienation, and spirituality.

Hermann Hesse (1946) explored the individual's quest for self-knowledge and spiritual enlightenment in novels like Siddhartha and Steppenwolf.

Luigi Pirandello (1934), an Italian playwright and novelist, was a pioneer in modernist drama, particularly with Six Characters in Search of an Author, a play that blurs the lines between fiction and reality.

Ivan Bunin (1933), a Russian émigré, wrote beautifully lyrical and melancholic works that captured the spirit of pre-revolutionary Russia, as seen in The Village and Dark Avenues.

John Galsworthy (1932) is best known for The Forsyte Saga, a multi-generational epic that examines the changing English society of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Sinclair Lewis (1930) was the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature, and his novels like Babbitt and Main Street offer biting social critiques of small-town America and capitalist conformity.

Thomas Mann (1929), a German writer, explored the intellectual and emotional life of modern man in masterpieces such as The Magic Mountain and Death in Venice.

Sigrid Undset (1928) won for her historical novels, particularly Kristin Lavransdatter, which explores medieval life in Norway, focusing on the religious and moral dilemmas faced by its characters.

Henri Bergson (1927), a French philosopher, was awarded the Nobel for his influence on modern thought, particularly with works like Creative Evolution, which examined the nature of time and consciousness.

George Bernard Shaw (1925) was a highly influential Irish playwright and social critic whose works, including Pygmalion and Saint Joan, challenge social conventions and explore the complexity of human behavior.

Modernist Drama: Luigi Pirandello broke new ground in the theater with his exploration of the nature of reality and fiction.

Psychological Realism: Writers like Ivan Bunin, Thomas Mann, and Sigrid Undset deeply explored the inner lives of their characters, reflecting on identity, culture, and personal struggle.

Social Critique: Authors such as Sinclair Lewis and John Galsworthy critiqued the societal norms of their time, with Lewis focusing on American middle-class life and Galsworthy on the British upper class.

Historical and National Identity: Writers like Sigrid Undset and Selma Lagerlöf wrote historical fiction that delved into their nations' cultural and spiritual roots.

Rabindranath Tagore (1913) was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. His works, such as Gitanjali, are deeply spiritual and lyrical, blending traditional Indian philosophy with modern thought.

Selma Lagerlöf (1909) was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. She is renowned for her novel The Wonderful Adventures of Nils, a beloved children's book that also explores Swedish folklore and landscape.

Henryk Sienkiewicz (1905) is celebrated for his historical novels, particularly Quo Vadis, which dramatizes the early days of Christianity in the Roman Empire.

Rudyard Kipling (1907) was the youngest recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature and is best known for his works that explore British imperialism, like The Jungle Book and Kim.

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 2024.10.14